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Paper 151
Tarrying and Teaching by the Seaside
151:0.1 By March 10 all of the preaching
and teaching groups had forgathered at Bethsaida. Thursday night
and Friday many of them went out to fish, while on the Sabbath
day they attended the synagogue to hear an aged Jew of Damascus
discourse on the glory of father Abraham. Jesus spent most of
this Sabbath day alone in the hills. That Saturday night the
Master talked for more than an hour to the assembled groups
on "The mission of adversity and the spiritual value of
disappointment." This was a memorable occasion, and his
hearers never forgot the lesson he imparted.
151:0.2 Jesus had not fully recovered from the sorrow of his
recent rejection at Nazareth; the apostles were aware of a peculiar
sadness mingled with his usual cheerful demeanor. James and
John were with him much of the time, Peter being more than occupied
with the many responsibilities having to do with the welfare
and direction of the new corps of evangelists. This time of
waiting before starting for the Passover at Jerusalem, the women
spent in visiting from house to house, teaching the gospel,
and ministering to the sick in Capernaum and the surrounding
cities and villages.
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»ç¶ûÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ´Â µé¾îµµ ¾Ë¾ÆµèÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ·ÁÇÔÀ̶ó. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé °¡¿îµ¥ ¿©·µÀÌ Áø¸®ÀÇ ±æÀ» µû¸£Áö ¾Ê´À´Ï¶ó.
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151:1.5 (1689.3) »çµµµéÀº ÁÖ°¡ ¹«½¼ Àǹ̷Π¸»¾¸ÇϽô°¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¾Ë¾ÆµèÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ¾Èµå·¹¿Í Å丶½º°¡
¿¹¼ö¿Í ÇÔ²² ´õ À̾߱âÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, º£µå·Î¿Í ´Ù¸¥ »çµµµéÀº ¶ãÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ±¸¼®À¸·Î ¹°·¯°¡¼, °Å±â¼ ÁøÁöÇÏ°í ±æ¾îÁø
Åä·Ð¿¡ µé¾î°¬´Ù.
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1. The Parable of the
Sower
151:1.1 About this time Jesus first began
to employ the parable method of teaching the multitudes that
so frequently gathered about him. Since Jesus had talked with
the apostles and others long into the night, on this Sunday
morning very few of the group were up for breakfast; so he went
out by the seaside and sat alone in the boat, the old fishing
boat of Andrew and Peter, which was always kept at his disposal,
and meditated on the next move to be made in the work of extending
the kingdom. But the Master was not to be alone for long. Very
soon the people from Capernaum and near-by villages began to
arrive, and by ten o'clock that morning almost one thousand
were assembled on shore near Jesus' boat and were clamoring
for attention. Peter was now up and, making his way to the boat,
said to Jesus, "Master, shall I talk to them?" But
Jesus answered, "No, Peter, I will tell them a story."
And then Jesus began the recital of the parable of the sower,
one of the first of a long series of such parables which he
taught the throngs that followed after him. This boat had an
elevated seat on which he sat (for it was the custom to sit
when teaching) while he talked to the crowd assembled along
the shore. After Peter had spoken a few words, Jesus said:
151:1.2 "A sower went forth to sow, and it came to pass
as he sowed that some seed fell by the wayside to be trodden
underfoot and devoured by the birds of heaven. Other seed fell
upon the rocky places where there was little earth, and immediately
it sprang up because there was no depth to the soil, but as
soon as the sun shone, it withered because it had no root whereby
to secure moisture. Other seed fell among the thorns, and as
the thorns grew up, it was choked so that it yielded no grain.
Still other seed fell upon good ground and, growing, yielded,
some thirtyfold, some sixtyfold, and some a hundredfold."
And when he had finished speaking this parable, he said to the
multitude, "He who has ears to hear, let him hear."
151:1.3 The apostles and those who were with them, when they
heard Jesus teach the people in this manner, were greatly perplexed;
and after much talking among themselves, that evening in the
Zebedee garden Matthew said to Jesus: "Master, what is
the meaning of the dark sayings which you present to the multitude?
Why do you speak in parables to those who seek the truth?"
And Jesus answered:
151:1.4 "In patience have I instructed you all this time.
To you it is given to know the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven,
but to the undiscerning multitudes and to those who seek our
destruction, from now on, the mysteries of the kingdom shall
be presented in parables. And this we will do so that those
who really desire to enter the kingdom may discern the meaning
of the teaching and thus find salvation, while those who listen
only to ensnare us may be the more confounded in that they will
see without seeing and will hear without hearing. My children,
do you not perceive the law of the spirit which decrees that
to him who has shall be given so that he shall have an abundance;
but from him who has not shall be taken away even that which
he has. Therefore will I henceforth speak to the people much
in parables to the end that our friends and those who desire
to know the truth may find that which they seek, while our enemies
and those who love not the truth may hear without understanding.
Many of these people follow not in the way of the truth. The
prophet did, indeed, describe all such undiscerning souls when
he said: `For this people's heart has waxed gross, and their
ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed lest
they should discern the truth and understand it in their hearts.'"
151:1.5 The apostles did not fully comprehend the significance
of the Master's words. As Andrew and Thomas talked further with
Jesus, Peter and the other apostles withdrew to another portion
of the garden where they engaged in earnest and prolonged discussion.
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2.
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¡ãTop
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2. Interpretation
of the Parable
151:2.1 Peter and the group about him came
to the conclusion that the parable of the sower was an allegory,
that each feature had some hidden meaning, and so they decided
to go to Jesus and ask for an explanation. Accordingly, Peter
approached the Master, saying: "We are not able to penetrate
the meaning of this parable, and we desire that you explain
it to us since you say it is given us to know the mysteries
of the kingdom." And when Jesus heard this, he said to
Peter: "My son, I desire to withhold nothing from you,
but first suppose you tell me what you have been talking about;
what is your interpretation of the parable?"
151:2.2 After a moment of silence, Peter said: "Master,
we have talked much concerning the parable, and this is the
interpretation I have decided upon: The sower is the gospel
preacher; the seed is the word of God. The seed which fell by
the wayside represents those who do not understand the gospel
teaching. The birds which snatched away the seed that fell upon
the hardened ground represent Satan, or the evil one, who steals
away that which has been sown in the hearts of these ignorant
ones. The seed which fell upon the rocky places, and which sprang
up so suddenly, represents those superficial and unthinking
persons who, when they hear the glad tidings, receive the message
with joy; but because the truth has no real root in their deeper
understanding, their devotion is short-lived in the face of
tribulation and persecution. When trouble comes, these believers
stumble; they fall away when tempted. The seed which fell among
thorns represents those who hear the word willingly, but who
allow the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches
to choke the word of truth so that it becomes unfruitful. Now
the seed which fell on good ground and sprang up to bear, some
thirty, some sixty, and some a hundredfold, represents those
who, when they have heard the truth, receive it with varying
degrees of appreciation-owing to their differing intellectual
endowments-and hence manifest these varying degrees of religious
experience."
151:2.3 Jesus, after listening to Peter's interpretation of
the parable, asked the other apostles if they did not also have
suggestions to offer. To this invitation only Nathaniel responded.
Said he: "Master, while I recognize many good things about
Simon Peter's interpretation of the parable, I do not fully
agree with him. My idea of this parable would be: The seed represents
the gospel of the kingdom, while the sower stands for the messengers
of the kingdom. The seed which fell by the wayside on hardened
ground represents those who have heard but little of the gospel,
along with those who are indifferent to the message, and who
have hardened their hearts. The birds of the sky that snatched
away the seed which fell by the wayside represent one's habits
of life, the temptation of evil, and the desires of the flesh.
The seed which fell among the rocks stands for those emotional
souls who are quick to receive new teaching and equally quick
to give up the truth when confronted with the difficulties and
realities of living up to this truth; they lack spiritual perception.
The seed which fell among the thorns represents those who are
attracted to the truths of the gospel; they are minded to follow
its teachings, but they are prevented by the pride of life,
jealousy, envy, and the anxieties of human existence. The seed
which fell on good soil, springing up to bear, some thirty,
some sixty, and some a hundredfold, represents the natural and
varying degrees of ability to comprehend truth and respond to
its spiritual teachings by men and women who possess diverse
endowments of spirit illumination."
151:2.4 When Nathaniel had finished speaking,
the apostles and their associates fell into serious discussion
and engaged in earnest debate, some contending for the correctness
of Peter's interpretation, while almost an equal number sought
to defend Nathaniel's explanation of the parable. Meanwhile
Peter and Nathaniel had withdrawn to the house, where they were
involved in a vigorous and determined effort the one to convince
and change the mind of the other.
151:2.5 The Master permitted this confusion to pass the point
of most intense expression then he clapped his hands and called
them about him. When they had all gathered around him once more,
he said, "Before I tell you about this parable, do any
of you have aught to say?" Following a moment of silence,
Thomas spoke up: "Yes, Master, I wish to say a few words.
I remember that you once told us to beware of this very thing.
You instructed us that, when using illustrations for our preaching,
we should employ true stories, not fables, and that we should
select a story best suited to the illustration of the one central
and vital truth which we wished to teach the people, and that,
having so used the story, we should not attempt to make a spiritual
application of all the minor details involved in the telling
of the story. I hold that Peter and Nathaniel are both wrong
in their attempts to interpret this parable. I admire their
ability to do these things, but I am equally sure that all such
attempts to make a natural parable yield spiritual analogies
in all its features can only result in confusion and serious
misconception of the true purpose of such a parable. That I
am right is fully proved by the fact that, whereas we were all
of one mind an hour ago, now are we divided into two separate
groups who hold different opinions concerning this parable and
hold such opinions so earnestly as to interfere, in my opinion,
with our ability fully to grasp the great truth which you had
in mind when you presented this parable to the multitude and
subsequently asked us to make comment upon it."
151:2.6 The words which Thomas spoke had a quieting effect on
all of them. He caused them to recall what Jesus had taught
them on former occasions, and before Jesus resumed speaking,
Andrew arose, saying: "I am persuaded that Thomas is right,
and I would like to have him tell us what meaning he attaches
to the parable of the sower." After Jesus had beckoned
Thomas to speak, he said: "My brethren, I did not wish
to prolong this discussion, but if you so desire, I will say
that I think this parable was spoken to teach us one great truth.
And that is that our teaching of the gospel of the kingdom,
no matter how faithfully and efficiently we execute our divine
commissions, is going to be attended by varying degrees of success;
and that all such differences in results are directly due to
conditions inherent in the circumstances of our ministry, conditions
over which we have little or no control."
151:2.7 When Thomas had finished speaking, the majority of his
fellow preachers were about ready to agree with him, even Peter
and Nathaniel were on their way over to speak with him, when
Jesus arose and said: "Well done, Thomas; you have discerned
the true meaning of parables; but both Peter and Nathaniel have
done you all equal good in that they have so fully shown the
danger of undertaking to make an allegory out of my parables.
In your own hearts you may often profitably engage in such flights
of the speculative imagination, but you make a mistake when
you seek to offer such conclusions as a part of your public
teaching."
151:2.8 Now that the tension was over, Peter and Nathaniel congratulated
each other on their interpretations, and with the exception
of the Alpheus twins, each of the apostles ventured to make
an interpretation of the parable of the sower before they retired
for the night. Even Judas Iscariot offered a very plausible
interpretation. The twelve would often, among themselves, attempt
to figure out the Master's parables as they would an allegory,
but never again did they regard such speculations seriously.
This was a very profitable session for the apostles and their
associates, especially so since from this time on Jesus more
and more employed parables in connection with his public teaching.
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3.
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¸ðµÎ°¡ ±× ºûÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´À´Ï¶ó. ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô À̸£³ë´Ï, Çϴóª¶ó¿¡´Â ¹àÈ÷Áö ¸»¶ó°í °¨Ãá °ÍÀÌ Çϳªµµ ¾ø°í ±Ã±Ø¿¡
¾Ë·Á¼´Â ¾ÈµÉ ºñ¹ÐÀÌ Çϳªµµ ¾ø´À´Ï¶ó. ±Ã±Ø¿¡´Â ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ ºû¿¡ µå·¯³ª¸®¶ó. ±ºÁß, ±×¸®°í ±ºÁßÀÌ ¾î¶»°Ô
Áø¸®¸¦ µè´Â°¡ ÇÏ´Â °Í¸¸ »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¸»°í ¶ÇÇÑ ³ÊÈñ°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô µè´Â°¡ Àڽſ¡°Ô ´«À» µ¹¸®¶ó. ³»°¡ ¿©·¯ ¹ø ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô
ÀÏ·¶À½À» ±â¾ïÇ϶ó: °¡Áø ÀÚ´Â ´õ¿í ¹Þ°Ú°í °¡ÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÚ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °¡Á³´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °Í¸¶Àú »©¾Ñ±â¸®¶ó.¡±
151:3.2 (1692.1) ºñÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À̾îÁø Åä·Ð, ±×¸®°í ±× ÇØ¼®¿¡ °üÇÑ °è¼ÓµÈ °¡¸£Ä§Àº Çö´ëÀÇ ¸»Åõ·Î
´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ °£Ã߸®°í Ç¥ÇöÇØµµ ÁÁ´Ù:
151:3.3 (1692.2) 1. ¿¹¼ö´Â º¹À½ÀÇ Áø¸®¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡´Â µ¥ ²Ù¸ç³½ À̾߱⳪ ¿ìÈ(éÕü¥)¸¦ ¾²Áö ¸»¶ó°í
Á¶¾ðÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×´Â ºñÀ¯, ƯÈ÷ ÀÚ¿¬À» ¼ÒÀç·Î ÇÑ ºñÀ¯¸¦ ¾Æ³¦¾øÀÌ ¾²±â¸¦ ±Ç°íÇß´Ù. Áø¸®¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ¼ö´ÜÀ¸·Î
ÀÚ¿¬ ¼¼°è¿Í ¿µÀû ¼¼°è »çÀÌ¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â À¯»ç¼ºÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡Ä¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í °Á¶Çß´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¡°¿µ
½ÇüÀÇ ±×¸²ÀÚ, È× Áö³ª°¡´Â ºñÇö½ÇÀû ±×¸²ÀÚ¡±¶ó°í ÀÚÁÖ ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù.
151:3.4 (1692.3) 2. ¿¹¼ö´Â È÷ºê¸® ¼º¼·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼³Ê °¡Áö ºñÀ¯¸¦ ¸»¾¸Çß°í, ÀÌ ±³À° ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¿ÂÅë
»õ·ÓÁö´Â ¾Ê´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̶§ºÎÅÍ °è¼Ó ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ, ºñÀ¯´Â °ÅÀÇ »õ·Î¿î ±³À°
¹æ¹ýÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
151:3.5 (1692.4) 3. »çµµµé¿¡°Ô ºñÀ¯ÀÇ °¡Ä¡¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡¸é¼, ¿¹¼ö´Â ´ÙÀ½ ¸î °¡Áö¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù:
151:3.6 (1692.5) ºñÀ¯´Â ¹æ´ëÇÏ°Ô ´Ù¸¥ ¼öÁØÀÇ Áö¼º°ú ¿µ¿¡°Ô µ¿½Ã¿¡ È£¼ÒÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ºñÀ¯´Â
»ó»ó·ÂÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÏ°í ºÐº°·ÂÀ» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ¸ç ºñÆÇÇÏ´Â »ý°¢À» ÃËÁø½ÃŲ´Ù. ºñÀ¯´Â Àû´ë °¨Á¤À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é¼ ÀÌÇØ¸¦
ÃËÁø½ÃŲ´Ù.
151:3.7 (1692.6) ºñÀ¯´Â ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ËÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú¿ìÄ¡´Â °æÁö±îÁö ³ª¾Æ°£´Ù. ºñÀ¯´Â
¿µÀûÀ̰í Ãʹ°ÁúÀÎ °ÍÀ» ¼Ò°³ÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜÀ¸·Î¼, ¹°ÁúÀûÀ̰í ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î °ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
151:3.8 (1692.7) ºñÀ¯´Â Ä¡¿ìÄ¡Áö ¾ÊÀº µµ´öÀû °áÁ¤À» ³»¸®±â ½±°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ºñÀ¯´Â ¸¹Àº Æí°ßÀ»
ÇÇÇÏ°í »õ·Î¿î Áø¸®¸¦ ǰÀ§ ÀÖ°Ô ¸Ó¸® ¼Ó¿¡ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ°Ô Çϸç, °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐ°³ÇÏ´Â Àڱ⠹æ¾î¸¦ ÃÖ¼Ò·Î ÁÙÀ̸é¼
ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀÌ·é´Ù.
151:3.9 (1692.8) ºñÀ¯ÀÇ À¯»çÇÑ Á¡¿¡ ´ã±ä Áø¸®¸¦ ¹°¸®Ä¡´Â °ÍÀº ÀǽÄÇÏ¿© ¸Ó¸® ¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÇ¸ç,
À̰ÍÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ Á¤Á÷ÇÑ ÆÇ´Ü°ú Á¤´çÇÑ °áÁ¤À» Á÷Á¢ ¹«½ÃÇÑ´Ù. ºñÀ¯´Â µè´Â °¨°¢À» ÅëÇØ¼, »ç¶÷ÀÌ »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»
¼ö ¾ø°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù.
151:3.10 (1692.9) ºñÀ¯ ÇüÅÂÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¾²´Â °ÍÀº ±× ¼±»ýÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý »õ·Î¿î, ¾Æ´Ï ³î¶ø±âµµ
ÇÑ Áø¸®¸¦ ³»³õ°Ô ¸¸µé¸ç, ÇÑÆí µ¿½Ã¿¡ ¾î¶² ³íÀïµµ, ±×¸®°í ÀüÅë°ú È®¸³µÈ ±ÇÇѰú °ÑÀ¸·Î ºÎµúÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ» ´ëü·Î
ÇÇÇÑ´Ù.
151:3.11 (1693.1) ºñÀ¯´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ³ªÁß¿¡ ¶È°°Àº Àͼ÷ÇÑ Àå¸é°ú ¸¶ÁÖÄ¥ ¶§, °¡¸£Ä£ Áø¸®¸¦ ±â¾ïÇϵµ·Ï
ÀÚ±ØÇÏ´Â ÀÌÁ¡À» °¡Áø´Ù.
151:3.12 (1693.2) ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¿¹¼ö´Â µû¸£´Â »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ´ëÁßÀ» °¡¸£Ä¥ ¶§ ¾î°¼ Á¡Á¡ ´õ
ºñÀ¯¸¦ ¾²´Â ½À°üÀ» °¡Áö°Ô µÇ¾ú´Â°¡ ¾Ë°Ô ÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù.
151:3.13 (1693.3) Àú³á ¼ö¾÷ÀÌ ³¡³¯ ¹«·Æ¿¡, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¾¾ »Ñ¸®´Â ÀÚÀÇ ºñÀ¯¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© óÀ½À¸·Î ³íÆòÇß´Ù.
±× ºñÀ¯°¡ µÎ °¡Áö¸¦ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ´Ù°í Çß´Ù: ù°·Î, ±× ºñÀ¯´Â ±×¶§±îÁö ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ »ç¸í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æò°¡¿´°í, ¶¥¿¡¼ ¿©»ý
µ¿¾È¿¡ Àڱ⠾տ¡ ³õÀÎ ÀÏÀ» ¿¹ÃøÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. µÑ°·Î, ¶ÇÇÑ ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó¼ »çµµµé, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ Çϴóª¶ó
»çÀÚµéÀÌ ´ë´ë·Î ºÀ»çÇÏ¸é¼ ¹«¾ùÀ» ±â´ëÇÒ ¼ö Àִ°¡ ³ÍÁö½Ã ¾Ï½ÃÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.
151:3.14 (1693.4) ¿¹¼ö´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¿¹·ç»ì·½ÀÇ Á¾±³ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀÇ ¼¼½ÉÇÑ ³ë·Â¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °¡´ÉÇÑ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ
¹Ý¹ÚÀ¸·Î¼ ºñÀ¯¸¦ ¾²´Â µ¥ ÀÇÁ¸Çߴµ¥, À̵éÀº ±×°¡ ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¾Ç·É°ú ¾Ç¸¶ ÀÓ±ÝÀÇ µµ¿òÀ» ¾ò¾î¼ ÇàÇØÁ³´Ù°í
°¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù. ¸ðµç ÀÚ¿¬ Çö»óÀÌ ¿µÀû Á¸Àçµé°ú ÃÊÀÚ¿¬ ¹°·ÂÀÇ Á÷Á¢ ÇàÀ§·Î »ý±ä »ê¹°À̶ó°í ±× ½ÃÀýÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿©°å±â
¶§¹®¿¡, ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ È£¼ÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ý¹ÚÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ±³À° ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÅÃÇÑ °ÍÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ±×·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý
´õ ³ªÀº ±æÀ» ¾Ë°í ½Í¾î ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Áß´ëÇÑ Áø¸®¸¦ ¼±Æ÷ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ¿´°í, µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀûµéÀÌ ±âºÐ »óÇÏ¿©
±×¸¦ °í¹ßÇÒ ±¸½ÇÀ» ãÀ» ±âȸ¸¦ ÁÙÀ̱⠶§¹®À̾ú´Ù.
151:3.15 (1693.5) ¹ã µ¿¾È¿¡ ±× ¹«¸®¸¦ ÇØ»êÇϱâ Àü¿¡, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÀÌÁ¦ ³»°¡ ¾¾ »Ñ¸®´Â
ÀÚÀÇ ºñÀ¯ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·À» ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô À̸£¸®¶ó. ³ÊÈñ°¡ À̸¦ ¾î¶»°Ô ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÏ±î ¾Ë·Á°í ³ÊÈñ¸¦ ½ÃÇèÇϰíÀÚ Çϳë¶ó: Çϴóª¶ó´Â
¶ÇÇÑ ¶¥¿¡ ÁÁÀº ¾¾¾ÑÀ» ´øÁö´Â »ç¶÷°ú °°À¸´Ï¶ó. ¹ã¿¡´Â ÀÚ°í ³·¿¡ ÀÏ¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È ±× ¾¾°¡ ½ÏÆ®°í ÀÚ¶ú°í,
ºñ·Ï ¾îÂî ±×·¸°Ô µÇ¾ú´ÂÁö ¾ËÁö ¸øÇßÀ¸³ª ±× ½Ä¹°ÀÌ ¿¸Å¸¦ ¸Î°Ô µÇ¾ú´õ¶ó. óÀ½¿¡ ÀÙÀÌ ³ª°í ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ÀÌ»èÀÌ,
´ÙÀ½¿¡ À̻迡¼ ÀÍÀº ¾Ë°îÀÌ »ý°å´õ¶ó. ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ °î½ÄÀÌ À;úÀ» ¶§ ³´À» Èֵѷ¶°í Ãß¼ö°¡ ³¡³µ´À´Ï¶ó. µéÀ»
±Í°¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ´Â µéÀ»Áö¾î´Ù.¡±
151:3.16 (1693.6) ¿©·¯ ¹ø »çµµµéÀº ¸Ó¸® ¼Ó¿¡¼ ÀÌ ¸»¾¸À» ¼÷°íÇØº¸¾ÒÁö¸¸, ÁÖ´Â ¾¾ »Ñ¸®´Â ÀÚÀÇ
ºñÀ¯¿¡ µ¡ºÙÀÎ ÀÌ ¸»¾¸À» ´õ ¾ð±ÞÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
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3. More
About Parables
151:3.1 The apostles were parable-minded,
so much so that the whole of the next evening was devoted to
the further discussion of parables. Jesus introduced the evening's
conference by saying: "My beloved, you must always make
a difference in teaching so as to suit your presentation of
truth to the minds and hearts before you. When you stand before
a multitude of varying intellects and temperaments, you cannot
speak different words for each class of hearers, but you can
tell a story to convey your teaching; and each group, even each
individual, will be able to make his own interpretation of your
parable in accordance with his own intellectual and spiritual
endowments. You are to let your light shine but do so with wisdom
and discretion. No man, when he lights a lamp, covers it up
with a vessel or puts it under the bed; he puts his lamp on
a stand where all can behold the light. Let me tell you that
nothing is hid in the kingdom of heaven which shall not be made
manifest; neither are there any secrets which shall not ultimately
be made known. Eventually, all these things shall come to light.
Think not only of the multitudes and how they hear the truth;
take heed also to yourselves how you hear. Remember that I have
many times told you: To him who has shall be given more, while
from him who has not shall be taken away even that which he
thinks he has."
151:3.2 The continued discussion of parables and further instruction
as to their interpretation may be summarized and expressed in
modern phraseology as follows:
151:3.3 1. Jesus advised against the use of either fables or
allegories in teaching the truths of the gospel. He did recommend
the free use of parables, especially nature parables. He emphasized
the value of utilizing the analogy existing between the natural
and the spiritual worlds as a means of teaching truth. He frequently
alluded to the natural as "the unreal and fleeting shadow
of spirit realities."
151:3.4 2. Jesus narrated three or four parables from the Hebrew
scriptures, calling attention to the fact that this method of
teaching was not wholly new. However, it became almost a new
method of teaching as he employed it from this time onward.
151:3.5 3. In teaching the apostles the value of parables, Jesus
called attention to the following points:
151:3.6 The parable provides for a simultaneous appeal to vastly
different levels of mind and spirit. The parable stimulates
the imagination, challenges the discrimination, and provokes
critical thinking; it promotes sympathy without arousing antagonism.
151:3.7 The parable proceeds from the things which are known
to the discernment of the unknown. The parable utilizes the
material and natural as a means of introducing the spiritual
and the supermaterial.
151:3.8 Parables favor the making of impartial moral decisions.
The parable evades much prejudice and puts new truth gracefully
into the mind and does all this with the arousal of a minimum
of the self-defense of personal resentment.
151:3.9 To reject the truth contained in parabolical analogy
requires conscious intellectual action which is directly in
contempt of one's honest judgment and fair decision. The parable
conduces to the forcing of thought through the sense of hearing.
151:3.10 The use of the parable form of teaching enables the
teacher to present new and even startling truths while at the
same time he largely avoids all controversy and outward clashing
with tradition and established authority.
151:3.11 The parable also possesses the advantage of stimulating
the memory of the truth taught when the same familiar scenes
are subsequently encountered.
151:3.12 In this way Jesus sought to acquaint his followers
with many of the reasons underlying his practice of increasingly
using parables in his public teaching.
151:3.13 Toward the close of the evening's lesson Jesus made
his first comment on the parable of the sower. He said the parable
referred to two things: First, it was a review of his own ministry
up to that time and a forecast of what lay ahead of him for
the remainder of his life on earth. And second, it was also
a hint as to what the apostles and other messengers of the kingdom
might expect in their ministry from generation to generation
as time passed.
151:3.14 Jesus also resorted to the use of parables as the best
possible refutation of the studied effort of the religious leaders
at Jerusalem to teach that all of his work was done by the assistance
of demons and the prince of devils. The appeal to nature was
in contravention of such teaching since the people of that day
looked upon all natural phenomena as the product of the direct
act of spiritual beings and supernatural forces. He also determined
upon this method of teaching because it enabled him to proclaim
vital truths to those who desired to know the better way while
at the same time affording his enemies less opportunity to find
cause for offense and for accusations against him.
151:3.15 Before he dismissed the group for the night, Jesus
said: "Now will I tell you the last of the parable of the
sower. I would test you to know how you will receive this: The
kingdom of heaven is also like a man who cast good seed upon
the earth; and while he slept by night and went about his business
by day, the seed sprang up and grew, and although he knew not
how it came about, the plant came to fruit. First there was
the blade, then the ear, then the full grain in the ear. And
then when the grain was ripe, he put forth the sickle, and the
harvest was finished. He who has an ear to hear, let him hear."
151:3.16 Many times did the apostles turn this saying over in
their minds, but the Master never made further mention of this
addition to the parable of the sower.
¡ãTop
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4.
¹Ù´å°¡¿¡¼ ¸»¾¸ÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ºñÀ¯
151:4.1 (1693.7) ÀÌÆ±³¯ ¿¹¼ö´Â ´Ù½Ã ¹è¿¡¼ »ç¶÷µéÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡¸ç
¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°Çϴóª¶ó´Â ¹ç¿¡ ÁÁÀº ¾¾¾ÑÀ» »Ñ¸° »ç¶÷°ú °°À¸´Ï¶ó. ±×·¯³ª ±×°¡ ÀÚ´Â µ¿¾È, ÀûÀÌ ¿Í¼ ¹Ð »çÀÌ¿¡
ÀâÃʸ¦ »Ñ¸®°í ¼µÑ·¯ »ç¶óÁ³°í, ±×·¡¼ ¾î¸° ÀÙÀÌ ¼Ú¾Æ³ª°í ³ªÁß¿¡ ¿¸Å¸¦ ¸ÎÀ¸·Á ÇßÀ» ¶§ ÀâÃʵ鵵 ¶ÇÇÑ »ý°å´õ¶ó.
±×·¯ÀÚ ÀÌ ÁÖÀÎÀÇ Á¾µéÀÌ ¿Í¼ ¸»ÇϵÇ, ¡®ÁÖ¿©, ¹ç¿¡ ´ç½ÅÀÌ ÁÁÀº ¾¾¾ÑÀ» »Ñ¸®Áö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ¿´³ªÀ̱î? ±×·¯¸é ¾îµð¼ºÎÅÍ
ÀÌ ÀâÃʵéÀÌ »ý±â³ªÀ̱î?¡¯ ±×°¡ Á¾µé¿¡°Ô ´ë´äÇϵÇ, ¡®ÀûÀÌ ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ¿´µµ´Ù.¡¯ ±×·¯ÀÚ Á¾µéÀÌ ÁÖÀο¡°Ô ¹¯µÇ,
¡®¿ì¸®°¡ ³ª°¡¼ ÀÌ ÀâÃʵéÀ» »Ì¾Æ ¹ö¸®±â¸¦ ¿øÇϽóªÀ̱î?¡¯ ±×·¯³ª ±×°¡ ´ë´äÇÏ¿´´õ¶ó. ¡®¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀâÃʵéÀ» ¸ðÀ¸¸é¼
³ÊÈñ°¡ ¹Ð±îÁö »Ñ¸®¸¦ »ÌÀ»±î µÎ·Á¿ì´Ï¶ó. Â÷¶ó¸® °ÅµÑ ¶§±îÁö ¸ðµÎ ÀÚ¶ó°Ô ¹ö·ÁµÎ¶ó. ±×¶§ °ÅµÎ´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô
À̸£¸®´Ï, °¡¼ ¸ÕÀú ÀâÃʵéÀ» ¸ðÀ¸°í ´Ù¹ß·Î ¹¾î ºÒÅ¿ì°í, ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ ¹ÐÀ» °ÅµÎ¾î ³» â°í¿¡ ÀúÀåÇ϶ó.¡¯¡±
151:4.2 (1693.8) »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸î ¸¶µð ¹¯°í ³ µÚ¿¡ ¿¹¼ö´Â ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ºñÀ¯¸¦ ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°Çϴóª¶ó´Â
»ç¶÷ÀÌ Àڱ⠹翡 »Ñ¸° °ÜÀÚ ¾¾¾Ñ °°À¸´Ï¶ó. ÀÚ, °ÜÀÚ¾¾´Â ¾¾µé °¡¿îµ¥ °¡Àå ÀûÀ¸³ª, Á¦´ë·Î ÀÚ¶ó¸é, ¸ðµç
Ç® °¡¿îµ¥ °¡Àå Å©°Ô µÇ°í ³ª¹« °°¾Æ¼ ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ »õµéÀÌ ¿Í¼ ±× °¡Áö¿¡¼ ½¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´À´Ï¶ó.¡±
151:4.3 (1694.1) ¡°Çϴóª¶ó´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ´©·è°ú °°À¸´Ï, ÇÑ ¿©ÀÎÀÌ ´©·èÀ» °¡Á®´Ù°¡ °¡·ç·Î ¼¼ ±×¸©
¼Ó¿¡ °¨Ãß¾î µÎ¾ú°í ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î °¡·ç ÀüºÎ°¡ ºÎÇ®·ÁÁ³´À´Ï¶ó.¡±
151:4.4 (1694.2) ¡°Çϴóª¶ó´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¹ç¿¡ ¼û°ÜÁø º¸¹°°ú °°À¸´Ï¶ó. ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ º¸¹°À» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´õ´Ï,
±â»µÇÏ¸é¼ ±× ¹ç »ì µ·À» ¸¶·ÃÇÏ·Á°í Àü Àç»êÀ» ÆÈ·¯ °¬´õ¶ó.¡±
151:4.5 (1694.3) ¡°Çϴóª¶ó´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÂüÇÑ ÁøÁÖ¸¦ ã°í ÀÖ´Â »óÀΰú °°À¸´Ï, Å« °ª¾îÄ¡°¡ ÀÖ´Â ÁøÁÖ¸¦
ã°í ³ª¼, ±× Ưº°ÇÑ ÁøÁÖ¸¦ »ì ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï °¡Áø °ÍÀ» ¸ðµÎ ÆÈ·Á°í ³ª°¬´õ¶ó.¡±
151:4.6 (1694.4) ¡°¶Ç, Çϴóª¶ó´Â ¹Ù´Ù ¼Ó¿¡ ´øÁø Èĸ´±×¹° °°À¸´Ï, ¿Â°® Á¾·ùÀÇ ¹°°í±â¸¦ °ÅµÎ¾ú´õ¶ó.
ÀÌÁ¦, ±×¹°ÀÌ Ã¡À» ¶§ ¾îºÎµéÀÌ ¹Ù´å°¡¿¡ ´ç°Ü³õ°í, °Å±â¿¡ ¾É¾Æ¼ ¹°°í±â¸¦ Ãß·Á³»¸ç, ÁÁÀº ¹°°í±â´Â ±×¸©¿¡
¸ðÀ¸°í ³ª»Û ¹°°í±â´Â ´øÁ® ¹ö·È´õ¶ó.¡±
151:4.7 (1694.5) ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ ºñÀ¯¸¦ ±ºÁß¿¡°Ô À̾߱âÇÏ¿´´Ù. »ç½ÇÀº, À̶§ ÀÌÈÄ·Î, ÀÌ ¼ö´Ü
¿Ü¿¡ ´ëÁßÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ÀÏÀÌ µå¹°¾ú´Ù. ºñÀ¯·Î °ø¼®¿¡¼ ûÁß¿¡°Ô ¸»¾¸ÇÑ µÚ¿¡, Àú³á ¼ö¾÷ µ¿¾È¿¡, ±×´Â »çµµ¿Í
Àüµµ»çµé¿¡°Ô °¡¸£Ä§À» ´õ¿í ÀÚ¼¼ÇÏ°í ºÐ¸íÇÏ°Ô Ç®ÀÌÇϰï Çß´Ù.
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4. More
Parables by the Sea
151:4.1 The next day Jesus again taught
the people from the boat, saying: "The kingdom of heaven
is like a man who sowed good seed in his field; but while he
slept, his enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat and hastened
away. And so when the young blades sprang up and later were
about to bring forth fruit, there appeared also the weeds. Then
the servants of this householder came and said to him: `Sir,
did you not sow good seed in your field? Whence then come these
weeds?' And he replied to his servants, `An enemy has done this.'
The servants then asked their master, `Would you have us go
out and pluck up these weeds?' But he answered them and said:
`No, lest while you are gathering them up, you uproot the wheat
also. Rather let them both grow together until the time of the
harvest, when I will say to the reapers, Gather up first the
weeds and bind them in bundles to burn and then gather up the
wheat to be stored in my barn.'"
151:4.2 After the people had asked a few questions, Jesus spoke
another parable: "The kingdom of heaven is like a grain
of mustard seed which a man sowed in his field. Now a mustard
seed is the least of seeds, but when it is full grown, it becomes
the greatest of all herbs and is like a tree so that the birds
of heaven are able to come and rest in the branches thereof."
151:4.3 "The kingdom of heaven is also like leaven which
a woman took and hid in three measures of meal, and in this
way it came about that all of the meal was leavened."
151:4.4 "The kingdom of heaven is also like a treasure
hidden in a field, which a man discovered. In his joy he went
forth to sell all he had that he might have the money to buy
the field."
151:4.5 "The kingdom of heaven is also like a merchant
seeking goodly pearls; and having found one pearl of great price,
he went out and sold everything he possessed that he might be
able to buy the extraordinary pearl."
151:4.6 "Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a sweep net
which was cast into the sea, and it gathered up every kind of
fish. Now, when the net was filled, the fishermen drew it up
on the beach, where they sat down and sorted out the fish, gathering
the good into vessels while the bad they threw away. "
151:4.7 Many other parables spoke Jesus to the multitudes. In
fact, from this time forward he seldom taught the masses except
by this means. After speaking to a public audience in parables,
he would, during the evening classes, more fully and explicitly
expound his teachings to the apostles and the evangelists.
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5.
ÄÉ·¹»ç¸¦ ¹æ¹®ÇÏ´Ù
151:5.1 (1694.6) ±ºÁßÀÌ ±× ÁÖ ³»³» °è¼Ó ºÒ¾î³µ´Ù. ¾È½ÄÀÏ¿¡
¿¹¼ö´Â ¼µÑ·¯ »êÀ¸·Î °¬Áö¸¸, ÀÏ¿äÀÏ ¾ÆÄ§ÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿ÔÀ» ¶§, ±ºÁßÀÌ µ¹¾Æ¿Ô´Ù. º£µå·Î°¡ ¼³±³ÇÑ µÚ¿¡ ¿¹¼ö´Â ¿ÀÈÄ¿¡
ÀÏÂï ¸»¾¸Çß°í, ¸»¾¸À» ¸¶Ä¡ÀÚ »çµµµé¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³»°¡ ±ºÁß¿¡ ÁöÃÆÀ¸´Ï, ¿ì¸®°¡ ÇϷ縦 ½¬µµ·Ï ÀúÆíÀ¸·Î °Ç³Ê°¡ÀÚ.¡±
151:5.2 (1694.7) È£¼ö¸¦ °Ç³Ê°¡´Â ±æ¿¡ ±×µéÀº »ç³³°í °©ÀÛ½º·¯¿î ÆøÇ³À» ¸¸³µ´Âµ¥, À̰ÍÀº ƯÈ÷
ÇØ¸¶´Ù ÀÌ °èÀý¿¡ °¥¸±¸® ¹Ù´ÙÀÇ Æ¯Â¡À̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¼ö¿ª(â©æ´)Àº ÇØ¸é ¹ØÀ¸·Î °ÅÀÇ 210¹ÌÅÍÀ̰í, ƯÈ÷ ¼ÂÊÀº
³ôÀº µÏÀ¸·Î µÑ·¯½Î¿© ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. È£¼ö·ÎºÎÅÍ »êÀ¸·Î À̸£´Â °¡ÆÄ¸¥ °ñÂ¥±âµéÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ³· µ¿¾È¿¡ È£¼ö À§¿¡¼ ¼öÁ÷(á÷òÁ)
±â·ù¸¦ Ÿ°í ¶ß°Å¿öÁø °ø±â°¡ ¿Ã¶ó¿È¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ÇØ°¡ Áø µÚ¿¡ °ñÂ¥±âÀÇ ½Ä¾î°¡´Â °ø±â°¡ È£¼ö À§·Î ±ÞÈ÷ ½ñ¾ÆÁ®
³»·Á¿À´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ °Ç³Àº À绡¸® ¿À°í ¶§·Î´Â ¶È°°ÀÌ °©Àڱ⠻ç¶óÁ³´Ù.
151:5.3 (1694.8) ¹Ù·Î ±×·¯ÇÑ Àú³á °Ç³ÀÌ ÀÌ ÀÏ¿äÀÏ Àú³á¿¡ ¿¹¼ö¸¦ ¸ÂÀºÆíÀ¸·Î ½Ç¾î ³ª¸£´Â ¹è¸¦
³¬¾ÆÃ¤¾ú´Ù. »õ Àüµµ»ç ¸î »ç¶÷À» ½ÇÀº ´Ù¸¥ ¹è ¼¼ ôÀÌ µÚ¿¡¼ ÂѾƿÀ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¼ÂÊ ¹°°¡¿¡´Â ÆøÇ³ÀÇ Áõ°Å°¡
µµ¹«Áö ¾ø¾ú°í, ÀÌ ÆøÇ³¿ì´Â È£¼öÀÇ ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡ ±¹ÇѵǾú´Âµ¥µµ ½ÉÇß´Ù. ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ ³Ê¹« ¼¼¼ ¹°°áÀÌ ¹è À§¸¦ ³Ñ½Ç°Å¸®±â
½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. »çµµµéÀÌ µÀÀ» ¸» ¼ö ÀÖ±â Àü¿¡, ¼¾ ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ µÀÀ» Âõ¾î ¹ö·È°í, 2.4ų·Î¹ÌÅͰ¡ Á¶±Ý ³Ñ°Ô ¶³¾îÁø
ÇØ¾ÈÀ¸·Î Èûµé¿© Àú¾î°¡´Â µ¿¾È, ±×µéÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ³ë¿¡¸¸ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ¸Å´Þ·È´Ù.
151:5.4 (1694.9) ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸Ó¸® À§ÀÇ ÀÛÀº ÇØ °¡¸®°³ ¹Ø¿¡¼, ¹èÀÇ °í¹°¿¡ ´©¿ö¼ ÀáÀ»
ÀÚ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ºª¼¼´Ù¸¦ ¶°³µÀ» ¶§ ÁÖ´Â ÁöÃÄ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ½¬·Á°í ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¹è¸¦ ¶ç¿ö °Ç³ÊÆíÀ¸·Î ±×¸¦ ½Æ°í °¡¶ó°í
Áö½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ¿Õ³âÀÇ ¾îºÎµéÀº ÈûÀÌ ¼¼°í ³ë Á£±â¿¡ ³ë·ÃÇßÁö¸¸, À̰ÍÀº ±×µéÀÌ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¸¸³ °¡Àå »ç³ª¿î °Ç³
ÁßÀÇ Çϳª¿´´Ù. ¹Ù¶÷°ú ¹°°áÀÌ ¹è¸¦ ¸¶Ä¡ Àå³°¨ ¹èó·³ À̸®Àú¸® ´øÁ³¾îµµ, ¿¹¼ö´Â ²Ä¦ ¾Ê°í °è¼Ó ÀÚ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
º£µå·Î´Â °í¹° °¡±îÀÌ ¹Ù¸¥Æí ³ë¸¦ Àú¾ú´Ù. ¹è°¡ ºñ·Î¼Ò ¹°·Î Â÷ÀÚ, º£µå·Î´Â ³ë¸¦ ³õ°í ¿¹¼ö¿¡°Ô ´Þ·Á°¡¼ ±ú¿ì·Á°í
¼¼Â÷°Ô Èçµé¾ú´Ù. ±×°¡ ±ú¾î³ªÀÚ º£µå·Î°¡ ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÁÖ¿©, ¿ì¸®°¡ »ç³ª¿î ÆøÇ³ ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÁÙ ¸ð¸£½Ã³ªÀ̱î?
¿ì¸®¸¦ ±¸ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸ðµÎ Á×À¸¸®ÀÌ´Ù.¡±
151:5.5 (1695.1) ºø¼ÓÀ¸·Î ³ª¿ÔÀ» ¶§ ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸ÕÀú º£µå·Î¸¦ º¸¾Ò´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¾Ö½á¼ ³ë Á£´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ»
¾îµÒ ¼ÓÀ¸·Î µé¿©´Ùº¸¸é¼, ÈïºÐÇÏ¿© ¾ÆÁ÷ Àڱ⠳ë·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡Áö ¾ÊÀº ½Ã¸ó º£µå·Î¸¦ ¾ó¸¥ µ¹¾Æº¸°í ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù:
¡°¾îÂîÇÏ¿© ¸ðµÎ°¡ ±×¸® µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡ °¡µæ Â÷ ÀÖ´À³Ä? ³ÊÈñÀÇ ¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ¾îµð ÀÖ´À³Ä? Á¶¿ëÈ÷. Á¶¿ëÈ÷ Ç϶ó.¡± º£µå·Î¿Í
´Ù¸¥ »çµµµé¿¡°Ô ¿¹¼öÀÇ ÀÌ ²ÙÁö¶÷ÀÌ ¶³¾îÁö±â°¡ ¹«¼·°Ô, º£µå·Î¿¡°Ô ºÒ¾ÈÇÑ ¸¶À½À» °¡¶ó¾ÉÈ÷µµ·Ï Æò¾ÈÀ» ãÀ¸¶ó
¸íÇÏÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, ±×¶§ ÈÖÀú¾îÁø °ø±â°¡ ±ÕÇüÀ» ã°í ³ª¼ °¡¶ó¾É¾Æ Å©°Ô °í¿äÇØÁ³´Ù. ¼º³ ¹°°áÀº °ÅÀÇ Áï½Ã °¡¶ó¾É¾Ò´Ù.
ÇÑÆí °ËÀº ±¸¸§Àº ªÀº ¼Ò³ª±â¿¡ ÈûÀ» ¼Ò¸ðÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î »ç¶óÁö°í ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ º°µéÀÌ ¸Ó¸® À§·Î ºû³µ´Ù. ¿ì¸®°¡ ÆÇ´ÜÇÒ
¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇÑ, ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¼øÀüÈ÷ ¿ì¿¬È÷ ÀϾ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »çµµµé, ´õ±º´Ù³ª º£µå·Î´Â °áÄÚ ÀÌ »ç°ÇÀ» ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ
±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¿©±âÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ¸ðµç ÀÚ¿¬ÀÌ ¿µ ¼¼·Â°ú ÃÊÀÚ¿¬ Á¸ÀçµéÀÌ Á÷Á¢ Áö¹èÇÏ´Â Çö»óÀ̶ó°í ±»°Ô ¹Ï¾úÀ¸¹Ç·Î,
±× ½ÃÀýÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Æ¯È÷ ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ±âÀûÀ» ¹Ï±â°¡ ½¬¿ü´Ù.
151:5.6 (1695.2) ¿¹¼ö´Â ±×µéÀÇ ºÒ¾ÈÇÑ Á¤½ÅÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© ¸»Çß°í, µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡ Áú¸° »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô À̾߱âÇß´Ù,
ÀÚ¿¬¿¡°Ô ±×ÀÇ ¸»¿¡ º¹Á¾Ç϶ó ¸íÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í ¿µÎ »çµµ¿¡°Ô ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¼³¸íÇßÁö¸¸, ¾Æ¹« ¾µ¸ð°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ÁÖ¸¦ µû¸£´Â
ÀÚµéÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±×·¸°Ô ¿ì¿¬È÷ ÀÏ¾î³ ¸ðµç ÀÏ¿¡ ÀÚ±â ÇØ¼®À» ºÙÀ̱⸦ °íÁýÇß´Ù. À̳¯ºÎÅÍ °è¼Ó, ±×µéÀº °íÁýÇÏ¿©
ÁÖ°¡ ÀÚ¿¬·Â¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àý´ë ±Ç·ÂÀ» °¡Á³´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ¿´´Ù. º£µå·Î´Â ¾î¶»°Ô ¡°¹Ù¶÷°ú ¹°°áÁ¶Â÷ ±×¿¡°Ô º¹Á¾Çϴ°¡¡±
À̾߱⸦ ´Ã¾î³õ´Â µ¥ °áÄÚ ÁöÄ¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
151:5.7 (1695.3) ¿¹¼ö¿Í µ¿·áµéÀÌ È£¼ý°¡¿¡ ´ê¾ÒÀ» ¶§´Â ´ÊÀº Àú³áÀ̾ú´Ù. °í¿äÇÏ°í ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿î ¹ãÀ̾ú±â
¶§¹®¿¡, ¸ðµÎ ¹è¿¡¼ ½¬¾ú´Ù. ÀÌÆ±³¯ ¾ÆÄ§ ÇØ°¡ ¶ß°í Á¶±Ý Áö³µÀ» ¶§±îÁö ¹°°¡·Î °¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. °ÅÀÇ 40¸íÀÌ
ÇÔ²² ¸ð¿´À» ¶§ ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°¾Æ¹öÁö ³ª¶óÀÇ ¹®Á¦µéÀ» ¿ì¸®°¡ ¼÷°íÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, ÀúÂÊ »êÀ¸·Î ¿Ã¶ó°¡¼, ¸çÄ¥
µ¿¾È ¸Ó¹«¸£ÀÚ.¡±
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5. The Visit
to Kheresa
151:5.1 The multitude continued to increase
throughout the week. On Sabbath Jesus hastened away to the hills,
but when Sunday morning came, the crowds returned. Jesus spoke
to them in the early afternoon after the preaching of Peter,
and when he had finished, he said to his apostles: "I am
weary of the throngs; let us cross over to the other side that
we may rest for a day."
151:5.2 On the way across the lake they encountered one of those
violent and sudden windstorms which are characteristic of the
Sea of Galilee, especially at this season of the year. This
body of water is almost seven hundred feet below the level of
the sea and is surrounded by high banks, especially on the west.
There are steep gorges leading up from the lake into the hills,
and as the heated air rises in a pocket over the lake during
the day, there is a tendency after sunset for the cooling air
of the gorges to rush down upon the lake. These gales come on
quickly and sometimes go away just as suddenly.
151:5.3 It was just such an evening gale that caught the boat
carrying Jesus over to the other side on this Sunday evening.
Three other boats containing some of the younger evangelists
were trailing after. This tempest was severe, notwithstanding
that it was confined to this region of the lake, there being
no evidence of a storm on the western shore. The wind was so
strong that the waves began to wash over the boat. The high
wind had torn the sail away before the apostles could furl it,
and they were now entirely dependent on their oars as they laboriously
pulled for the shore, a little more than a mile and a half distant.
151:5.4 Meanwhile Jesus lay asleep in the stern of the boat
under a small overhead shelter. The Master was weary when they
left Bethsaida, and it was to secure rest that he had directed
them to sail him across to the other side. These ex-fishermen
were strong and experienced oarsmen, but this was one of the
worst gales they had ever encountered. Although the wind and
the waves tossed their boat about as though it were a toy ship,
Jesus slumbered on undisturbed. Peter was at the right-hand
oar near the stern. When the boat began to fill with water,
he dropped his oar and, rushing over to Jesus, shook him vigorously
in order to awaken him, and when he was aroused, Peter said:
"Master, don't you know we are in a violent storm? If you
do not save us, we will all perish."
151:5.5 As Jesus came out in the rain, he looked first at Peter,
and then peering into the darkness at the struggling oarsmen,
he turned his glance back upon Simon Peter, who, in his agitation,
had not yet returned to his oar, and said: "Why are all
of you so filled with fear? Where is your faith? Peace, be quiet."
Jesus had hardly uttered this rebuke to Peter and the other
apostles, he had hardly bidden Peter seek peace wherewith to
quiet his troubled soul, when the disturbed atmosphere, having
established its equilibrium, settled down into a great calm.
The angry waves almost immediately subsided, while the dark
clouds, having spent themselves in a short shower, vanished,
and the stars of heaven shone overhead. All this was purely
coincidental as far as we can judge; but the apostles, particularly
Simon Peter, never ceased to regard the episode as a nature
miracle. It was especially easy for the men of that day to believe
in nature miracles inasmuch as they firmly believed that all
nature was a phenomenon directly under the control of spirit
forces and supernatural beings.
151:5.6 Jesus plainly explained to the twelve that he had spoken
to their troubled spirits and had addressed himself to their
fear-tossed minds, that he had not commanded the elements to
obey his word, but it was of no avail. The Master's followers
always persisted in placing their own interpretation on all
such coincidental occurrences. From this day on they insisted
on regarding the Master as having absolute power over the natural
elements. Peter never grew weary of reciting how "even
the winds and the waves obey him."
151:5.7 It was late in the evening when Jesus and his associates
reached the shore, and since it was a calm and beautiful night,
they all rested in the boats, not going ashore until shortly
after sunrise the next morning. When they were gathered together,
about forty in all, Jesus said: "Let us go up into yonder
hills and tarry for a few days while we ponder over the problems
of the Father's kingdom."
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6.
ÄÉ·¹»çÀÇ ¹ÌÄ¡±¤ÀÌ
151:6.1 (1695.4) È£¼öÀÇ °¡±î¿î µ¿ÂÊ ¹°°¡ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ °Ç³ÊÀÇ
»êÁö±îÁö ¹Ô¹ÔÇÏ°Ô ºñÅ»Á³¾îµµ, ÀÌ Æ¯º°ÇÑ Àå¼Ò¿¡´Â °¡ÆÄ¸¥ »êÇ㸮°¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í, È£¼ý°¡ÀÇ ¾î¶² °÷Àº È£¼ö·Î ±ð¾ÆÁú·¯
³»·Á°¬´Ù. ±ÙóÀÇ »êÇ㸮¸¦ °¡¸®Å°¸é¼ ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°¾ÆÄ§À» ¸ÔÀ¸·¯ ÀÌ »êÇ㸮·Î ¿Ã¶ó°¡¼ ¾î´À ¾Æ´ÁÇÑ °÷¿¡¼
½¬°í À̾߱âÇÏÀÚ.¡±
151:6.2 (1695.5) ÀÌ »êÇ㸮 ÀüºÎ°¡ µ¿±¼·Î µ¤¿´°í, À̰͵éÀº ¹ÙÀ§¿¡¼ ÆÄ¿©Áø °÷À̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¹Àº
±¸¸ÛÀÌ °í´ëÀÇ ¹«´ýÀ̾ú´Ù. »êÇ㸮·Î Áß°£Âë ¿Ã¶ó°¡¼ ºñ±³Àû ÆòÆòÇÑ ÀÛÀº Àå¼Ò¿¡ ÀÛÀº ¸¶À» ÄÉ·¹»çÀÇ °øµ¿ ¹¦Áö°¡
ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿¹¼ö¿Í µ¿·áµéÀÌ ÀÌ ¹«´ý ÅÍ °¡±îÀÌ Áö³ª°¡´Â µ¿¾È¿¡, ÀÌ »êÇ㸮ÀÇ µ¿±¼¿¡¼ »ì°í ÀÖ´ø ¾î´À ¹ÌÄ¡±¤À̰¡
±×µé¿¡°Ô ´Þ·Á¿Ô´Ù. ¸Ó¸®°¡ µ· ÀÌ »ç¶÷Àº ÀÌ ±Ù¹æ¿¡¼ Àß ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ¾ú°í, ÇѶ§ ¼è»ç½½°ú ¼è°í¶û¿¡ ¹¿©¼ ¾î´À
¼®±¼¿¡ °¤Çô ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ¼è°í¶ûÀ» ºÎ¼ø Áö ¿À·¡ µÇ¾ú°í ÀÌÁ¦ ¹«´ý°ú ¹ö·ÁÁø ¹¦µé »çÀÌ·Î ¸Ú´ë·Î µ¹¾Æ´Ù³æ´Ù.
151:6.3 (1696.1) ÀÌ »ç¶÷Àº À̸§ÀÌ ¾Æ¸ð½º¿´´Âµ¥, Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¹ÌÄ¡´Â Áõ¼¼°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿ÊÀ» ´õ·¯
ã¾Æ ÀÔ°í µ¿·áµé °¡¿îµ¥¼ Á¦¹ý ó½ÅÀ» ÀßÇÏ´Â ±â°£ÀÌ ¾îÁö°£È÷ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. »ý°¢ÀÌ ¸ÖÂÄÇß´ø ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ±â°£ Áß Çϳª¿¡
±×´Â ºª¼¼´Ù·Î °¬°í °Å±â¼ ¿¹¼ö¿Í »çµµµéÀÇ ¼³±³¸¦ µé¾ú´Âµ¥, ±×¶§ Çϴóª¶ó º¹À½À» ¹ÝÂë ¹Ï´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
±×·¯³ª °ð º´¼¼°¡ ½ÉÇÑ ±¹¸éÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³µ°í ±×´Â ¹«´ýÀ¸·Î ´Þ¾Æ³µ´Ù. °Å±â¼ ½ÅÀ½Çϰí Å©°Ô ¿ïºÎ¢¾ú°í, ±×·¡¼ ¾î¼´Ù
¸¸³ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ´Ù µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡ Áú¸®°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
151:6.4 (1696.2) ¿¹¼ö¸¦ ¾Ë¾Æº¸ÀÚ ¾Æ¸ð½º´Â Åнâ ÁÖÀú¾É¾Æ¼ ¿ÜÃÆ´Ù: ¡°³ª´Â ´ç½Å, ¿¹¼ö¸¦ ¾Æ¿À³ª
³ª´Â ¿©·¯ ±Í½ÅÀÌ µé·È°í ´ç½ÅÀÌ ³ª¸¦ ±«·ÓÈ÷Áö ¸»±â¸¦ ºÎŹÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.¡± Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î °Þ´Â Á¤½ÅÀû °íÅëÀº ±×·± ¶§¿¡
¾ÇÇϰųª ´õ·¯¿î ±Í½ÅµéÀÌ ±×¿¡°Ô µé¾î°¡¼ ¸Ó¸®¿Í ¸öÀ» Áö¹èÇÏ´Â »ç½Ç ¶§¹®À̶ó°í ÀÌ »ç¶÷Àº ÂüÀ¸·Î ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ
º´Àº ´ëü·Î °¨Á¤ÀÇ º´À̾ú´Ù¡ª¸Ó¸®´Â Å©°Ô º´µéÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
151:6.5 (1696.3) µ¿¹°Ã³·³ ±×ÀÇ ¹ß ¹Ø¿¡ ¿õÅ©¸®°í ÀÖ´Â ±× »ç¶÷À» ³»·Á´Ùº¸¸é¼, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¼ÕÀ» »¸¾î¼
±×ÀÇ ¼ÕÀ» Àâ¾Æ ÀÏÀ¸ÄÑ ¼¼¿ì°í ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°¾Æ¸ð½º¾ß, ³Ê´Â ¾Ç±Í°¡ µé¸®Áö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ¿´°í ³×°¡ Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀ̶ó´Â
ÁÁÀº ¼Ò½ÄÀ» ÀÌ¹Ì µé¾ú´À´Ï¶ó. ³»°¡ ³Ê¿¡°Ô ¸íÇϳë´Ï, ÀÌ ¹ßÀÛ¿¡¼ ±ú¾î³ª¶ó.¡± ¿¹¼ö°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»¾¸ÇϽÉÀ» µé¾úÀ»
¶§, ¾Æ¸ð½ºÀÇ Áö´É¿¡ Å« º¯È°¡ ÀϾ¼, ±×´Â ±Ý¹æ Á¦ Á¤½ÅÀÌ µé¾ú°í Á¤»óÀ¸·Î °¨Á¤À» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̶§°¡
µÇÀÚ ±ÙóÀÇ ¸¶À»·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾îÁö°£È÷ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸ð¿©µé¾ú°í, À§ÀÇ »êÁö·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿Â µÅÁö Ä¡´Â ÀÚµé ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼ö°¡
ºÒ¾î³ ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ±× ¹ÌÄ¡±¤À̰¡ ¿¹¼ö¿Í ±× ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµé°ú ÇÔ²² ¾É¾Æ¼, ¸ÖÂÄÇÑ Á¤½ÅÀ¸·Î ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô ÇÔ²² À̾߱âÇϰí
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6. The
Kheresa Lunatic
151:6.1 Although most of the near-by eastern
shore of the lake sloped up gently to the highlands beyond,
at this particular spot there was a steep hillside, the shore
in some places dropping sheer down into the lake. Pointing up
to the side of the near-by hill, Jesus said: "Let us go
up on this hillside for our breakfast and under some of the
shelters rest and talk."
151:6.2 This entire hillside was covered with caverns which
had been hewn out of the rock. Many of these niches were ancient
sepulchres. About halfway up the hillside on a small, relatively
level spot was the cemetery of the little village of Kheresa.
As Jesus and his associates passed near this burial ground,
a lunatic who lived in these hillside caverns rushed up to them.
This demented man was well known about these parts, having onetime
been bound with fetters and chains and confined in one of the
grottos. Long since he had broken his shackles and now roamed
at will among the tombs and abandoned sepulchres.
151:6.3 This man, whose name was Amos, was afflicted with a
periodic form of insanity. There were considerable spells when
he would find some clothing and deport himself fairly well among
his fellows. During one of these lucid intervals he had gone
over to Bethsaida, where he heard the preaching of Jesus and
the apostles, and at that time had become a halfhearted believer
in the gospel of the kingdom. But soon a stormy phase of his
trouble appeared, and he fled to the tombs, where he moaned,
cried out aloud, and so conducted himself as to terrorize all
who chanced to meet him.
151:6.4 When Amos recognized Jesus, he fell down at his feet
and exclaimed: "I know you, Jesus, but I am possessed of
many devils, and I beseech that you will not torment me."
This man truly believed that his periodic mental affliction
was due to the fact that, at such times, evil or unclean spirits
entered into him and dominated his mind and body. His troubles
were mostly emotional-his brain was not grossly diseased.
151:6.5 Jesus, looking down upon the man crouching like an animal
at his feet, reached down and, taking him by the hand, stood
him up and said to him: "Amos, you are not possessed of
a devil; you have already heard the good news that you are a
son of God. I command you to come out of this spell." And
when Amos heard Jesus speak these words, there occurred such
a transformation in his intellect that he was immediately restored
to his right mind and the normal control of his emotions. By
this time a considerable crowd had assembled from the near-by
village, and these people, augmented by the swine herders from
the highland above them, were astonished to see the lunatic
sitting with Jesus and his followers, in possession of his right
mind and freely conversing with them.
151:6.6 As the swine herders rushed into the village to spread
the news of the taming of the lunatic, the dogs charged upon
a small and untended herd of about thirty swine and drove most
of them over a precipice into the sea. And it was this incidental
occurrence, in connection with the presence of Jesus and the
supposed miraculous curing of the lunatic, that gave origin
to the legend that Jesus had cured Amos by casting a legion
of devils out of him, and that these devils had entered into
the herd of swine, causing them forthwith to rush headlong to
their destruction in the sea below. Before the day was over,
this episode was published abroad by the swine tenders, and
the whole village believed it. Amos most certainly believed
this story; he saw the swine tumbling over the brow of the hill
shortly after his troubled mind had quieted down, and he always
believed that they carried with them the very evil spirits which
had so long tormented and afflicted him. And this had a good
deal to do with the permanency of his cure. It is equally true
that all of Jesus' apostles (save Thomas) believed that the
episode of the swine was directly connected with the cure of
Amos.
151:6.7 Jesus did not obtain the rest he was looking for. Most
of that day he was thronged by those who came in response to
the word that Amos had been cured, and who were attracted by
the story that the demons had gone out of the lunatic into the
herd of swine. And so, after only one night of rest, early Tuesday
morning Jesus and his friends were awakened by a delegation
of these swine-raising gentiles who had come to urge that he
depart from their midst. Said their spokesman to Peter and Andrew:
"Fishermen of Galilee, depart from us and take your prophet
with you. We know he is a holy man, but the gods of our country
do not know him, and we stand in danger of losing many swine.
The fear of you has descended upon us, so that we pray you to
go hence." And when Jesus heard them, he said to Andrew,
"Let us return to our place."
151:6.8 As they were about to depart, Amos besought Jesus to
permit him to go back with them, but the Master would not consent.
Said Jesus to Amos: "Forget not that you are a son of God.
Return to your own people and show them what great things God
has done for you." And Amos went about publishing that
Jesus had cast a legion of devils out of his troubled soul,
and that these evil spirits had entered into a herd of swine,
driving them to quick destruction. And he did not stop until
he had gone into all the cities of the Decapolis, declaring
what great things Jesus had done for him.
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